Municipal Sewage Treatment Technology: A2/O-VMBR Integrated Technology for Municipal Treatment and Improved Pollutant Removal

To modernize wastewater treatment plants, a pilot-scale anaerobic/anoxic/oxic-vibrating membrane bioreactor (A2/O-VMBR) was developed and successfully operated. Despite low C/N ratio, the A2/O-VMBR achieved removal rates of 61.10%, 93.77%, 72.86%, 54.75% for COD, TN, TP, NH3-N, respectively. The maximum extremity transmembrane pressures were 45 kPa, 80 respectively, with no sludge bulking observed. VMBR saved over 96–98% energy compared to traditional MBR making it better option municipal treatment. High-throughput sequencing analysis revealed identical bacterial population structures in samples obtained from units, genera having nitrifying, denitrifying, hydrolyzing, glycogen-accumulating activities, which allowed nitrogen removal. key functional microorganisms responsible nitrification–denitrification species belonging FCPU426, Fusobacteria, Planctomycetes, Verrucomicrobia, Epsilonbacteraeota. integrated experimental system produced favorable results improving quality, highlighting usability technology. Therefore, this technique holds potential further investigation into context recovery.